Table 2 Animal diseases and bacteria involved for which species-specific clinical breakpoints are available so that MDR, XDR and PDR definitions can be applied
Animal disease and bacterial species | Antimicrobial classes for which clinical MIC breakpoints are available | Multidrug-resistance (MDR) | Extensive drug-resistance (XDR) | Pandrug-resistance (PDR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
BRD: M. haemolytica, P. multocida, H. somni | aminocyclitols, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, phenicols, and tetracyclines | Not susceptible to at least one agent in ≥ three antimicrobial classes | Not susceptible to at least one agent in all but one or two antimicrobial classes | Not susceptible to all agents in all antimicrobial classes |
SRD: A. pleuropneumoniae | penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, phenicols, pleuromutilins and tetracyclines | |||
SRD: P. multocida | penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, phenicols, and tetracyclines | |||
SRD: Streptococcus suis | penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, phenicols, and tetracyclines | |||
Canine SSTI: Staphylococcus spp. | aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and lincosamides | |||
Canine SSTI: Streptococcus spp. | aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and lincosamides | |||
Canine SSTI: E. coli | aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines | |||
Canine UTI: E. coli | aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines | |||
Horse RTI: Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus; Streptococcus equi subsp. equi | aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines | |||
Horse RTI: E. coli | aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines |